易语言获取指定磁盘的名称

发布时间：2023-05-17 11:25:14

易语言是一种非常强大和易于学习的编程语言，支持多种操作系统，包括Windows、Linux等。在许多应用中，需要获取指定磁盘的名称，这在易语言中也可以很容易地实现。在本文中，我们将介绍如何使用易语言获取指定磁盘的名称。

获取指定磁盘名称的方法有多种，下面我们分别介绍。

1. 使用API函数获取磁盘名称

在Windows系统中，可以使用GetLogicalDriveStrings函数和GetDriveType函数获取磁盘名称和类型。GetLogicalDriveStrings函数可以返回系统中所有的逻辑驱动器序列号，而GetDriveType函数可以返回指定驱动器的类型。

下面是使用API函数获取指定磁盘名称的代码：

Declare Function GetLogicalDriveStrings Lib "Kernel32" Alias "GetLogicalDriveStringsA" (ByVal nBufferLength As Long, ByVal lpBuffer As String) As Long
Declare Function GetDriveType Lib "Kernel32" Alias "GetDriveTypeA" (ByVal lpRootPathName As String) As Long

Function GetDriveName(ByVal DriveLetter As String) As String
    Dim Buffer As String, DriveType As Long
    Buffer = Space(255)
    GetLogicalDriveStrings 255, Buffer
    Buffer = Left(Buffer, InStr(Buffer, Chr$(0)) - 1)
    If InStr(Buffer, DriveLetter) > 0 Then
        DriveType = GetDriveType(DriveLetter + ":\")
        If DriveType > 0 Then
            Select Case DriveType
                Case 2, 3, 4: '发现硬盘、可移动磁盘或CD-ROM
                    GetDriveName = DriveLetter + ":\"
                Case 5: '发现网络驱动器
                    GetDriveName = "\\127.0.0.1\" + DriveLetter + "$\"
                Case Else
                    GetDriveName = ""
            End Select
        Else
            GetDriveName = ""
        End If
    Else
        GetDriveName = ""
    End If
End Function

函数GetDriveName接受一个参数DriveLetter，表示驱动器的盘符，例如"C"、"D"等。函数首先调用GetLogicalDriveStrings函数获取系统中所有的逻辑驱动器序列号，并查找指定的驱动器是否存在。如果存在，则调用GetDriveType函数获取驱动器类型。如果驱动器类型为2、3、4或5，表示是硬盘、可移动磁盘、CD-ROM或网络驱动器，此时函数返回驱动器的名称。否则，函数返回空字符串。

2. 使用WMI获取磁盘名称

在Windows系统中，还可以使用WMI（Windows Management Instrumentation）获取磁盘名称。WMI是一种非常强大的系统管理工具，可以用于获取各种系统信息，包括硬件和软件信息。

下面是使用WMI获取指定磁盘名称的代码：

Declare Function CoInitializeEx Lib "ole32" (ByVal pvReserved As Any, ByVal dwCoInit As Long) As Long
Declare Function CoUninitialize Lib "ole32" ()
Declare Function CoCreateInstance Lib "ole32" (ByVal rclsid As Any, ByVal pUnkOuter As Any, ByVal dwClsContext As Long, ByVal riid As Any, ppv As Any) As Long
Declare Function SysAllocStringLen Lib "oleaut32" (ByVal pOleStr As Long, ByVal Len As Long) As Long
Declare Sub SysFreeString Lib "oleaut32" (ByVal BSTRString As Long)

Const WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY = &h10
Const WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY = &h20
Const WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_WBEM_COMPLETE = &h0
Const WBEM_FLAG_ENSURE_LOCATABLE = &h1
Const WBEM_FLAG_DIRECT_READ = &h2
Const WBEM_FLAG_SEND_STATUS = &h80
Const WBEM_FLAG_USE_AMENDED_QUALIFIERS = &h20000
Const WBEM_FLAG_IGNORE_OBJECT_SOURCE = &h40000
Const WBEM_TEXT = &h1
Const WBEM_FLAG_NO_BATCH = &h4000

Const CLSID_WbemLocator = "{4590F811-1D3A-11D0-891F-00AA004B2E24}"
Const IID_IWbemLocator = "{DC12A687-737F-11CF-884D-00AA004B2E24}"
Const IID_IWbemServices = "{9556DC99-828C-11CF-A37E-00AA003240C7}"
Const IID_IEnumWbemClassObject = "{027947E1-D731-11CE-A357-000000000001}"
Const NS_CIMV2 = "\\.\root\cimv2"

Function GetDriveName(ByVal DriveLetter As String) As String
    Dim Locator As Object, WbemServices As Object, Query As String, Result As Object, ClassObject As Object
    CoInitializeEx 0, &O0
    CoCreateInstance CLSID_WbemLocator, 0, &h1, IID_IWbemLocator, Locator
    Locator.ConnectServer NS_CIMV2, "", "", "", "", "", 0, ByVal 0, WbemServices
    Query = "SELECT * FROM Win32_LogicalDisk WHERE DeviceID = '" + DriveLetter + ":\\'"
    WbemServices.ExecQuery Query, "WQL", WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY + WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY, ByVal 0, Result
    Result.Next 0, ClassObject
    GetDriveName = ClassObject.VolumeName + " (" + DriveLetter + ":\\)"
    SysFreeString VarPtr(ClassObject)
    SysFreeString VarPtr(Result)
    Set ClassObject = Nothing
    Set Result = Nothing
    Set WbemServices = Nothing
    Set Locator = Nothing
    CoUninitialize
End Function

与API函数不同，使用WMI需要使用一些COM接口和BSTR数据类型，使代码稍微有些冗长。函数GetDriveName接受一个参数DriveLetter，表示驱动器的盘符，例如"C"、"D"等。函数首先创建一个IWbemLocator对象，用于连接到WMI服务。然后，函数使用ExecQuery方法查询Win32_LogicalDisk类，根据DeviceID属性查找驱动器。如果找到了驱动器，则获取其VolumeName和DeviceID属性，同时返回驱动器的名称。

总结

以上是使用易语言获取指定磁盘名称的两种方法，分别使用API函数和WMI，各有其优点。使用API函数可以获得更快的响应时间和更小的代码量，但WMI可以提供更详细的信息和更高的灵活性。在实际开发中，可以根据需要选择使用其中的一种方法。