Python中pyVim.connect模块的使用指南及示例

pyVim.connect是VMware vSphere API的一个Python连接器，用于连接和管理VMware vSphere环境中的虚拟机和数据中心。

使用pyVim.connect模块，您可以执行以下操作：

1. 连接到vCenter服务器

2. 获取数据中心对象

3. 获取虚拟机对象

4. 创建和删除虚拟机

5. 电源管理虚拟机（例如，打开、关闭、重启虚拟机）

6. 获取虚拟机的网络和存储信息

7. 获取主机和集群信息

下面是一个使用pyVim.connect模块的示例：

from pyVim import connect

# 连接到vCenter服务器
def connect_to_vcenter(host, username, password):
    service_instance = connect.SmartConnectNoSSL(host=host, user=username, pwd=password)
    if not service_instance:
        raise SystemExit("无法连接到vCenter服务器")

    # 断开连接时关闭连接
    atexit.register(connect.Disconnect, service_instance)
    
    return service_instance

# 获取数据中心对象
def get_datacenter(service_instance, datacenter_name):
    content = service_instance.RetrieveContent()
    for datacenter in content.rootFolder.childEntity:
        if datacenter.name == datacenter_name:
            return datacenter
    raise SystemExit("未找到数据中心: %s" % datacenter_name)

# 获取虚拟机对象
def get_virtual_machine(datacenter, vm_name):
    vm_view = datacenter.viewManager.CreateContainerView(datacenter, [vim.VirtualMachine], True)
    for vm in vm_view.view:
        if vm.name == vm_name:
            return vm
    raise SystemExit("未找到虚拟机: %s" % vm_name)

# 创建虚拟机
def create_virtual_machine(datacenter, vm_name, datastore, resource_pool, host, vm_template):
    vm_folder = datacenter.vmFolder

    # 配置虚拟机规格
    vm_config = vim.vm.ConfigSpec()
    vm_config.name = vm_name
    vm_config.annotation = "Created by pyVim.connect"
    vm_config.memoryMB = 1024
    vm_config.numCPUs = 2
    vm_config.deviceChange = []

    # 配置虚拟硬盘
    disk_spec = vim.vm.device.VirtualDeviceSpec()
    disk_spec.operation = vim.vm.device.VirtualDeviceSpec.Operation.add
    disk_spec.device = vim.vm.device.VirtualDisk()
    disk_spec.device.backing = vim.vm.device.VirtualDisk.FlatVer2BackingInfo()
    disk_spec.device.backing.fileName = "[" + datastore + "] " + vm_name + "/" + vm_name + ".vmdk"
    disk_spec.device.backing.diskMode = "persistent"
    disk_spec.device.unitNumber = 0
    disk_spec.device.capacityInKB = 1024 * 1024 * 10  # 10 GB
    disk_spec.device.controllerKey = 1000
    disk_spec.device.unitNumber = 0
    vm_config.deviceChange.append(disk_spec)

    # 配置网络
    network_spec = vim.vm.device.VirtualDeviceSpec()
    network_spec.operation = vim.vm.device.VirtualDeviceSpec.Operation.add
    network_spec.device = vim.vm.device.VirtualE1000()
    network_spec.device.deviceInfo = vim.Description()
    network_spec.device.deviceInfo.summary = "Network Adapter 1"
    network_spec.device.backing = vim.vm.device.VirtualEthernetCard.NetworkBackingInfo()
    network_spec.device.backing.network = vm_network
    network_spec.device.backing.deviceName = vm_network.name
    network_spec.device.connectable = vim.vm.device.VirtualDevice.ConnectInfo()
    network_spec.device.connectable.startConnected = True
    network_spec.device.connectable.allowGuestControl = True
    vm_config.deviceChange.append(network_spec)
    
    # 配置其他属性（如果需要）

    # 使用模板创建虚拟机
    vm_folder.CreateVM_Task(config=vm_config, pool=resource_pool, host=host, template=vm_template)
    print("正在创建虚拟机: %s" % vm_name)

# 使用示例
if __name__ == "__main__":
    vcenter_host = "vcenter.example.com"
    vcenter_username = "admin"
    vcenter_password = "password"

    datacenter_name = "Datacenter"
    vm_name = "TestVM"

    service_instance = connect_to_vcenter(vcenter_host, vcenter_username, vcenter_password)
    datacenter = get_datacenter(service_instance, datacenter_name)
    vm = get_virtual_machine(datacenter, vm_name)

    # 打印虚拟机信息
    print("虚拟机名称:", vm.name)
    print("虚拟机Guest OS:", vm.guest.guestFullName)
    print("虚拟机状态:", vm.runtime.powerState)

    # 关闭虚拟机
    if vm.runtime.powerState == "poweredOn":
        vm.PowerOffVM_Task()
        print("虚拟机已关闭")

    # 删除虚拟机
    vm.Destroy_Task()
    print("虚拟机已删除")

上面的示例展示了如何连接到vCenter服务器，获取数据中心对象，获取虚拟机对象，以及创建和删除虚拟机。您可以根据自己的需求进行修改和扩展。