在Python中使用azure.mgmt.resourceResourceManagementClient()创建和管理Azure虚拟机

在Python中，我们可以使用azure.mgmt.resource.ResourceManagementClient()来创建和管理Azure虚拟机。以下是一个使用例子，展示了如何通过Python代码创建和管理Azure虚拟机。

首先，我们需要安装所需的Azure SDK。可以使用以下命令在Python环境中安装azure-mgmt和azure-identity模块：

pip install azure-mgmt-compute azure-identity

接下来，我们需要导入所需的模块：

from azure.identity import AzureCliCredential
from azure.mgmt.compute import ComputeManagementClient
from azure.mgmt.resource import ResourceManagementClient
from azure.mgmt.network import NetworkManagementClient
from azure.mgmt.network.models import NetworkSecurityGroup, SecurityRule
from azure.mgmt.compute.models import NetworkProfile, NetworkInterface, VirtualMachine, VirtualMachineSizeTypes, \
    OperatingSystemTypes, OSDisk, ImageReference, StorageAccount, StorageAccountTypes

然后，我们可以通过以下代码连接到Azure资源管理器和计算管理器：

credential = AzureCliCredential()
subscription_id = "<your-subscription-id>"

resource_client = ResourceManagementClient(credential, subscription_id)
compute_client = ComputeManagementClient(credential, subscription_id)
network_client = NetworkManagementClient(credential, subscription_id)

接下来，我们可以创建一个资源组：

resource_group_name = "<your-resource-group-name>"
resource_group_location = "<your-resource-group-location>"

resource_group_params = {'location': resource_group_location}
resource_client.resource_groups.create_or_update(resource_group_name, resource_group_params)

然后，我们可以创建一个存储账户用于虚拟机的磁盘：

storage_account_name = "<your-storage-account-name>"
storage_account_params = {
    'sku': {'name': 'Standard_LRS'},
    'kind': 'Storage',
}
storage_async_operation = resource_client.resources.begin_create_or_update(
    resource_group_name,
    'Microsoft.Storage',
    '',
    'storageAccounts',
    storage_account_name,
    storage_account_params
)
storage_async_operation.wait()

然后，我们可以创建一个虚拟网络和子网：

virtual_network_name = "<your-virtual-network-name>"
subnet_name = "<your-subnet-name>"

network_params = {
    'location': resource_group_location,
    'address_space': {
        'address_prefixes': ['10.0.0.0/16']
    }
}
async_network_creation = resource_client.resources.create_or_update(
    resource_group_name,
    'Microsoft.Network',
    '',
    'virtualNetworks',
    virtual_network_name,
    {
        'location': resource_group_location,
        'properties': {'addressSpace': {'addressPrefixes': ['10.0.0.0/16']}}
    }
)

subnet_params = {
    'address_prefix': '10.0.0.0/24'
}
async_subnet_creation = resource_client.resources.create_or_update(
    resource_group_name,
    'Microsoft.Network',
    '',
    'virtualNetworks/{}/subnets'.format(virtual_network_name),
    subnet_name,
    {
        'properties': {
            'addressPrefix': '10.0.0.0/24',
            'networkSecurityGroup': {'id': nsg.id}
        }
    }
)

接下来，我们可以创建一个网络安全组，并为虚拟机设置安全规则：

nsg_name = "<your-nsg-name>"

nsg_params = {
    'location': resource_group_location,
    'security_rules': [
        SecurityRule(
            name='AllowIncomingSSH',
            protocol=SecurityRuleProtocol.tcp,
            source_port_range='*',
            destination_port_range='22',
            source_address_prefix='*',
            destination_address_prefix='*',
            access=SecurityRuleAccess.allow,
            direction=SecurityRuleDirection.inbound,
            priority=1000
        ),
        SecurityRule(
            name='AllowIncomingHTTP',
            protocol=SecurityRuleProtocol.tcp,
            source_port_range='*',
            destination_port_range='80',
            source_address_prefix='*',
            destination_address_prefix='*',
            access=SecurityRuleAccess.allow,
            direction=SecurityRuleDirection.inbound,
            priority=1001
        )
    ]
}

nsg_async_creation = network_client.network_security_groups.begin_create_or_update(
    resource_group_name,
    nsg_name,
    nsg_params
)
nsg = nsg_async_creation.result()

然后，我们可以创建一个网络接口，并将其附加到虚拟网络和网络安全组：

nic_name = "<your-nic-name>"

nic_params = {
    'location': resource_group_location,
    'ip_configurations': [{
        'name': 'ipconfig1',
        'subnet': {'id': subnet.id},
        'private_ip_allocation_method': 'Dynamic',
        'public_ip_address': {'id': public_ip.id}
    }],
    'network_security_group': {'id': nsg.id}
}

async_nic_creation = network_client.network_interfaces.begin_create_or_update(
    resource_group_name,
    nic_name,
    nic_params
)
nic = async_nic_creation.result()

接下来，我们可以创建一个虚拟机：

vm_name = "<your-vm-name>"

vm_params = {
    'location': resource_group_location,
    'os_profile': {
        'computer_name': vm_name,
        'admin_username': 'adminuser',
        'admin_password': 'AdminPass123!',
        'linux_configuration': {
            'disable_password_authentication': True,
            'ssh': {
                'public_keys': [{
                    'path': '/home/adminuser/.ssh/authorized_keys',
                    'key_data': 'ssh-rsa AAAAB[...]'
                }]
            }
        }
    },
    'hardware_profile': {
        'vm_size': 'Standard_DS1_v2'
    },
    'storage_profile': {
        'image_reference': {
            'publisher': 'canonical',
            'offer': 'ubuntuServer',
            'sku': '16.04-LTS',
            'version': 'latest'
        },
        'os_disk': {
            'name': 'osdisk',
            'create_option': 'fromImage',
            'source_image': {
                'id': '/subscriptions/{}/resourceGroups/{}/providers/'
                      'Microsoft.Compute/images/myVMImage'.format(subscription_id, resource_group_name)
            },
            'caching': 'ReadWrite',
            'managed_disk': {
                'storage_account_type': 'Standard_LRS'
            }
        }
    },
    'network_profile': {
        'network_interfaces': [{
            'name': nic.name,
            'primary': True,
            'id': nic.id
        }]
    }
}

async_vm_creation = compute_client.virtual_machines.begin_create_or_update(
    resource_group_name,
    vm_name,
    vm_params
)

vm = async_vm_creation.result()

通过上述步骤，我们就可以通过Python代码创建和管理Azure虚拟机。对于更复杂的操作，可以参考Azure SDK的文档和示例代码。