Java函数的可视化和图形化显示

发布时间：2023-06-16 02:18:48

Java函数的可视化和图形化显示，可以通过各种工具和框架来实现。下面介绍两种常见的可视化和图形化显示的方法。

一、使用Java Swing库进行可视化和图形化显示

Java Swing库是Java提供的UI组件库，可以用于创建漂亮的图形用户界面。其中，JFrame类是Java Swing库中最重要的类之一。它表示一个窗体，可以在窗体中添加各种组件，例如按钮、标签、文本框等。

下面是一个示例程序，演示如何使用Java Swing库创建一个可视化和图形化的计算器，其实现主要基于JFrame类和JButton类：

// 导入库文件

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;

import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class Calculator extends JFrame implements ActionListener {

// 定义UI组件

private JTextField textField;

private JButton[] numberButtons = new JButton[10];

private JButton[] functionButtons = new JButton[8];

private JButton addButton, subButton, mulButton, divButton;

private JButton decButton, equButton, delButton, clrButton;

private JPanel panel;

// 构造函数

public Calculator() {

// 设置窗体属性

this.setTitle("计算器");

this.setSize(400, 550);

this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

this.setLayout(null);

// 创建UI组件

textField = new JTextField();

textField.setBounds(50, 50, 300, 100);

textField.setEditable(false);

textField.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.PLAIN, 45));

this.add(textField);

addButton = new JButton("+");

subButton = new JButton("-");

mulButton = new JButton("*");

divButton = new JButton("/");

decButton = new JButton(".");

equButton = new JButton("=");

delButton = new JButton("删除");

clrButton = new JButton("清空");

functionButtons[0] = addButton;

functionButtons[1] = subButton;

functionButtons[2] = mulButton;

functionButtons[3] = divButton;

functionButtons[4] = decButton;

functionButtons[5] = equButton;

functionButtons[6] = delButton;

functionButtons[7] = clrButton;

for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {

functionButtons[i].setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.PLAIN, 35));

functionButtons[i].setFocusable(false);

}

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

numberButtons[i] = new JButton(String.valueOf(i));

numberButtons[i].setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.PLAIN, 35));

numberButtons[i].setFocusable(false);

}

delButton.setBounds(50, 400, 100, 50);

clrButton.setBounds(200, 400, 100, 50);

// 创建面板

panel = new JPanel();

panel.setBounds(50, 200, 300, 200);

panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 4, 10, 10));

// 添加组件到面板

panel.add(numberButtons[1]);

panel.add(numberButtons[2]);

panel.add(numberButtons[3]);

panel.add(addButton);

panel.add(numberButtons[4]);

panel.add(numberButtons[5]);

panel.add(numberButtons[6]);

panel.add(subButton);

panel.add(numberButtons[7]);

panel.add(numberButtons[8]);

panel.add(numberButtons[9]);

panel.add(mulButton);

panel.add(decButton);

panel.add(numberButtons[0]);

panel.add(equButton);

panel.add(divButton]);

// 将组件添加到窗体

this.add(panel);

this.add(delButton);

this.add(clrButton);

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

numberButtons[i].addActionListener(this);

}

for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {

functionButtons[i].addActionListener(this);

}

// 显示窗体

this.setVisible(true);

}

@Override

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

if (e.getSource() == numberButtons[i]) {

textField.setText(textField.getText() + String.valueOf(i));

}

if (e.getSource() == decButton) {

textField.setText(textField.getText() + ".");

}

if (e.getSource() == addButton) {

textField.setText(textField.getText() + "+");

}

if (e.getSource() == subButton) {

textField.setText(textField.getText() + "-");

}

if (e.getSource() == mulButton) {

textField.setText(textField.getText() + "*");

}

if (e.getSource() == divButton) {

textField.setText(textField.getText() + "/");

}

if (e.getSource() == clrButton) {

textField.setText("");

}

if (e.getSource() == delButton) {

String str = textField.getText();

textField.setText("");

for (int i = 0; i < str.length()-1;i++) {

textField.setText(textField.getText()+str.charAt(i));

}

if (e.getSource() == equButton) {

String expression = textField.getText();

ExpressionCalculator expressionCalculator = new ExpressionCalculator();

double result = expressionCalculator.getResult(expression);

textField.setText(String.valueOf(result));

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

Calculator calculator = new Calculator();

}

在这个示例中，我们建立了一个计算器，使用JFrame类来创建窗体，并使用JButton类来创建按钮。我们创建了一个JPanel面板，将数值和函数按钮添加到面板中，最后将面板和其他按钮添加到窗体中。

二、使用JavaFX库进行可视化和图形化显示

JavaFX是Java平台上创建和交互富客户端应用程序的一组技术。它提供了丰富的UI控件、动画效果、媒体支持等。下面是一个简单的JavaFX程序，演示如何创建一个可视化和图形化显示的计算器：

import javafx.application.Application;

import javafx.event.ActionEvent;

import javafx.event.EventHandler;

import javafx.geometry.Insets;

import javafx.scene.Scene;

import javafx.scene.control.Button;

import javafx.scene.control.TextField;

import javafx.scene.layout.GridPane;

import javafx.scene.layout.HBox;

import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;

import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class Calculator extends Application {

private TextField textField;

private double number1, number2, result;

private String operator;

@Override

public void start(Stage stage) {

// 创建UI组件

textField = new TextField();

Button button0 = new Button("0");

Button button1 = new Button("1");

Button button2 = new Button("2");

Button button3 = new Button("3");

Button button4 = new Button("4");

Button button5 = new Button("5");

Button button6 = new Button("6");

Button button7 = new Button("7");

Button button8 = new Button("8");

Button button9 = new Button("9");

Button buttonAdd = new Button("+");

Button buttonSubtract = new Button("-");

Button buttonMultiply = new Button("*");

Button buttonDivide = new Button("/");

Button buttonDecimal = new Button(".");

Button buttonClear = new Button("C");

Button buttonEquals = new Button("=");

// 设置组件尺寸

textField.setPrefWidth(200);

textField.setPadding(new Insets(10, 10, 10, 10));

button0.setPrefWidth(60);

button1.setPrefWidth(60);

button2.setPrefWidth(60);

button3.setPrefWidth(60);

button4.setPrefWidth(60);

button5.setPrefWidth(60);

button6.setPrefWidth(60);

button7.setPrefWidth(60);

button8.setPrefWidth(60);

button9.setPrefWidth(60);

buttonAdd.setPrefWidth(60);

buttonSubtract.setPrefWidth(60);

buttonMultiply.setPrefWidth(60);

buttonDivide.setPrefWidth(60);

buttonDecimal.setPrefWidth(60);

buttonClear.setPrefWidth(60);

buttonEquals.setPrefWidth(120);

// 设置组件事件监听器

button0.setOnAction(e -> addToTextField("0"));

button1.setOnAction(e -> addToTextField("1"));

button2.setOnAction(e -> addToTextField("2"));

button3.setOnAction(e -> addToTextField("3"));

button4.setOnAction(e -> addToTextField("4"));

button5.setOnAction(e -> addToTextField("5"));

button6.setOnAction(e -> addToTextField("6"));

button7.setOnAction(e -> addToTextField("7