Python中使用email.MIMEMultipartMIMEMultipart()构建含有附件和文本内容的邮件

在Python中，可以使用email模块中的MIMEMultipart类来构建包含附件和文本内容的邮件。

首先，导入相关的模块：

import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from email.header import Header

接下来，设置发送方和接收方的邮件地址：

from_address = 'sender@example.com'
to_address = 'recipient@example.com'

然后，构建邮件的基本信息，包括主题、发件人和收件人：

subject = 'Sample Email with Attachment'

msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = from_address
msg['To'] = to_address
msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')

接着，构建正文内容。可以使用MIMEText类来创建文本内容，并将其添加到邮件中：

text = """\
Hello,

This is a sample email with attachment. Please find the attached file.

Thanks,
Sender"""

body = MIMEText(text, 'plain', 'utf-8')
msg.attach(body)

然后，构建附件。可以使用MIMEApplication类来创建附件，并将其添加到邮件中。在创建附件时，需要指定文件路径和文件类型：

attachment_path = 'path/to/attachment.pdf'

with open(attachment_path, 'rb') as file:
    attachment = MIMEApplication(file.read())
attachment.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='attachment.pdf')
msg.attach(attachment)

最后，将邮件发送出去。首先，需要创建一个SMTP对象，并登录到SMTP服务器：

smtp_server = 'smtp.example.com'
username = 'username'
password = 'password'

server = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server)
server.starttls()
server.login(username, password)

然后，使用send_message方法发送邮件：

server.send_message(msg)

最后，关闭SMTP连接：

server.quit()

完整的示例代码如下：

import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from email.header import Header


from_address = 'sender@example.com'
to_address = 'recipient@example.com'

subject = 'Sample Email with Attachment'

msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = from_address
msg['To'] = to_address
msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')

text = """\
Hello,

This is a sample email with attachment. Please find the attached file.

Thanks,
Sender"""

body = MIMEText(text, 'plain', 'utf-8')
msg.attach(body)

attachment_path = 'path/to/attachment.pdf'

with open(attachment_path, 'rb') as file:
    attachment = MIMEApplication(file.read())
attachment.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='attachment.pdf')
msg.attach(attachment)

smtp_server = 'smtp.example.com'
username = 'username'
password = 'password'

server = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server)
server.starttls()
server.login(username, password)
server.send_message(msg)
server.quit()

以上代码是一个简单的示例，展示了如何在Python中使用email模块中的MIMEMultipart类构建带有附件和文本内容的邮件。实际使用中，可能还需要处理异常、验证收件人地址等其他任务。