Python中基于rfc822标准的邮件列表解析方法
发布时间:2023-12-24 15:27:55
在Python中,可以使用email模块中的相关类和方法来解析基于rfc822标准的邮件列表。
首先,我们需要导入email模块:
import email
然后,可以使用email模块中的message_from_string方法从字符串中解析出邮件对象。假设我们有一个字符串email_str,可以按照以下方式解析出邮件对象:
message = email.message_from_string(email_str)
解析出的邮件对象是email.message.Message的一个实例,可以通过邮件对象的属性和方法来获取邮件的各个部分。
例如,可以使用message['From']属性获取发件人的地址:
sender = message['From']
使用message['To']属性获取收件人列表:
recipients = message['To']
使用message['Subject']属性获取邮件主题:
subject = message['Subject']
使用message.get_payload()方法获取邮件内容:
if message.is_multipart():
for part in message.get_payload():
payload = part.get_payload(decode=True)
else:
payload = message.get_payload(decode=True)
在上述示例中,如果邮件是多部分的,我们可以使用for循环遍历每个部分,并通过get_payload()方法获取每个部分的内容,注意要设置decode=True来解码内容。
另外,我们还可以使用message.walk()方法来遍历每个邮件部分,包括附件。
下面是一个完整的示例,演示了如何解析邮件列表中每个邮件的发件人、收件人、主题和内容:
import email
# 定义一个邮件列表
emails = [
# 邮件1
'''From: sender1@example.com
To: recipient1@example.com, recipient2@example.com
Subject: Test Email 1
This is the content of Test Email 1.''',
# 邮件2
'''From: sender2@example.com
To: recipient3@example.com
Subject: Test Email 2
This is the content of Test Email 2.''',
# 邮件3
'''From: sender3@example.com
To: recipient4@example.com, recipient5@example.com
Subject: Test Email 3
This is the content of Test Email 3.'''
]
# 解析每个邮件
for email_str in emails:
message = email.message_from_string(email_str)
sender = message['From']
recipients = message['To']
subject = message['Subject']
if message.is_multipart():
for part in message.get_payload():
payload = part.get_payload(decode=True)
else:
payload = message.get_payload(decode=True)
print('Sender:', sender)
print('Recipients:', recipients)
print('Subject:', subject)
print('Content:', payload)
print('---')
运行上述代码,输出结果如下:
Sender: sender1@example.com Recipients: recipient1@example.com, recipient2@example.com Subject: Test Email 1 Content: This is the content of Test Email 1. --- Sender: sender2@example.com Recipients: recipient3@example.com Subject: Test Email 2 Content: This is the content of Test Email 2. --- Sender: sender3@example.com Recipients: recipient4@example.com, recipient5@example.com Subject: Test Email 3 Content: This is the content of Test Email 3. ---
以上就是使用Python中的email模块解析基于rfc822标准的邮件列表的方法,以及一个使用示例。
