使用Python和Haskell实现一个自动化文档生成工具

自动化文档生成工具是用于生成项目文档的工具，可以根据代码注释和其他相关的文档信息，自动生成文档文件。本文将使用Python和Haskell分别实现一个自动化文档生成工具，并提供使用例子。

## Python实现

Python具有丰富的标准库和第三方库，可以用于解析代码、生成文档等功能。下面是一个使用Python实现的自动化文档生成工具：

import ast
import inspect
import sys
import re

def generate_documentation(filename):
    # 解析代码文件
    with open(filename, 'r') as file:
        tree = ast.parse(file.read())

    # 获取代码文件中的函数和类
    functions = [
        node for node in tree.body
        if isinstance(node, ast.FunctionDef)
    ]
    classes = [
        node for node in tree.body
        if isinstance(node, ast.ClassDef)
    ]

    # 生成文档字符串
    documentation = ""
    for function in functions:
        docstring = ast.get_docstring(function)
        if docstring:
            documentation += docstring + "

"
        documentation += f"Function: {function.name}

"
        documentation += inspect.getsource(function) + "

"

    for class_ in classes:
        docstring = ast.get_docstring(class_)
        if docstring:
            documentation += docstring + "

"
        documentation += f"Class: {class_.name}

"
        documentation += inspect.getsource(class_) + "

"

    # 保存文档文件
    with open("documentation.txt", 'w') as file:
        file.write(documentation)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    if len(sys.argv) < 2:
        print("Usage: python documentation_generator.py <filename>")
        sys.exit(1)

    filename = sys.argv[1]
    generate_documentation(filename)

使用例子：

假设我们有一个Python文件example.py，内容如下：

# example.py

"""
This is an example module.
"""

def add(a, b):
    """
    This function adds two numbers.
    """
    return a + b

class Person:
    """
    This class represents a person.
    """

    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def get_info(self):
        """
        This method returns the person's name and age.
        """
        return f"Name: {self.name}, Age: {self.age}"

运行命令python documentation_generator.py example.py，将会生成一个名为documentation.txt的文件，包含以下内容：

This is an example module.

Function: add

def add(a, b):
    """
    This function adds two numbers.
    """
    return a + b

Class: Person

class Person:
    """
    This class represents a person.
    """

    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def get_info(self):
        """
        This method returns the person's name and age.
        """
        return f"Name: {self.name}, Age: {self.age}"

## Haskell实现

Haskell是一种函数式编程语言，具有强大的类型系统和模式匹配功能。下面是一个使用Haskell实现的自动化文档生成工具：

import System.Environment (getArgs)
import System.IO (readFile, writeFile)

data Function = Function { functionName :: String, functionBody :: String, functionDocstring :: String }
data Class = Class { className :: String, classBody :: String, classDocstring :: String }

generateDocumentation :: String -> String
generateDocumentation content = unlines $ map toDocString functions ++ map toDocString classes
  where
    functions = parseFunctions content
    classes = parseClasses content
    toDocString (Function name body docstring) =
      docstring ++ "

Function: " ++ name ++ "

" ++ body ++ "
"
    toDocString (Class name body docstring) =
      docstring ++ "

Class: " ++ name ++ "

" ++ body ++ "
"

parseFunctions :: String -> [Function]
parseFunctions content = filter (\f -> functionDocstring f /= "") $ map parseFunction functionMatches
  where
    functionMatches = getAllMatches functionRegex content
    functionRegex = "^\\s*def\\s*(\\w+)\\((.*?)\\):\\s*$(.*?)^\\s*\\S" :: String
    parseFunction [name, _, body] = Function name body (parseDocstring body)

parseClasses :: String -> [Class]
parseClasses content = filter (\c -> classDocstring c /= "") $ map parseClass classMatches
  where
    classMatches = getAllMatches classRegex content
    classRegex = "^\\s*class\\s*(\\w+)(.*?)^\\s*\\S" :: String
    parseClass [name, _, body] = Class name body (parseDocstring body)

parseDocstring :: String -> String
parseDocstring body = trim $ if null matches then "" else docstring
  where
    matches = getAllMatches docstringRegex body
    docstringRegex = "^\\s*\"\"\"(.*?)\"\"\"" :: String
    docstring = head matches

getAllMatches :: String -> String -> [[String]]
getAllMatches regex content = content =~ regex :: [[String]]

trim :: String -> String
trim = dropWhileEnd isSpace . dropWhile isSpace

使用例子：

假设我们有一个Haskell文件Example.hs，内容如下：

-- Example.hs

module Example where

-- | This is an example module.
exampleModule :: String
exampleModule = "Hello, World!"

-- | This function adds two numbers.
add :: Int -> Int -> Int
add a b = a + b

-- | This class represents a person.
data Person = Person { name :: String, age :: Int }

-- | This method returns the person's name and age.
getInfo :: Person -> String
getInfo (Person name age) = "Name: " ++ name ++ ", Age: " ++ show age

运行下面的代码，将会生成一个名为documentation.txt的文件：

main :: IO ()
main = do
  [filename] <- getArgs
  content <- readFile filename
  let documentation = generateDocumentation content
  writeFile "documentation.txt" documentation

生成的documentation.txt文件的内容如下：

This is an example module.

Function: add

add :: Int -> Int -> Int
add a b = a + b

Class: Person

data Person = Person { name :: String, age :: Int }

getInfo :: Person -> String
getInfo (Person name age) = "Name: " ++ name ++ ", Age: " ++ show age

总结：

本文分别使用Python和Haskell实现了一个自动化文档生成工具，并提供了使用例子。这些工具可以解析代码文件，提取函数和类的注释和代码，并生成相应的文档文件。这些工具可以帮助开发人员快速生成项目文档，提高开发效率。